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Solar Charge Controller

Solar Charge Controller is an electronic device that manages the power going into the battery bank from the solar array. It ensures that the deep cycle batteries are not overcharged during the day and that the power doesn’t run back to the solar panels overnight and drain the batteries. Some charge controllers are available with additional capabilities, like lighting and load control, but managing the power is its primary job.

A solar charge controller is available in two different technologies, PWM and MPPT. MPPT charge controller is highly efficient than a PWM charge controller.
  • PWM Charge Controller
  • MPPT Charge Controller upto 48V
  • MPPT Charge Controller from 96V to 240V

PWM Charge Controller:

A PWM solar charge controller stands for “Pulse Width Modulation”. These operate by making a connection directly from the solar array to the battery bank. A 12V solar panel can charge a 12V battery. A 24V solar panel or solar array is needed for a 24V battery bank, and a 48V array is needed for 48V bank. If you try to charge a 12V battery with a 24V solar panel, you will be throwing over half of the panel’s power away. If you try to charge a 24V battery bank with a 12V solar panel, you will be throwing away 100% of the panel’s potential and may drain the battery as well.

Technical Specifications for Solar PWM Charge Controller:

Charger Rating A 20A
Battery VDC 12V/24V Auto Detect
Solar Voc Max For 12V System - 25V max / For 24V System -50V
Auto Sensing for 12V/24V Available
Dusk Dawn Feature Available
Protections
Over Load DC Load Control 20A
Low Battery Load Disconnection
Lightening/Surge Protected upto 4KV Surge
Solar High Current Protection Available
Solar High Voltage Protection Available
Solar Reverse Blocking Diode is provided to Prevent reverse flow of current
LED Display Solar Charge ; Battery Reverse ; Low Battery ; Over Load

MPPT Charge Controller upto 48V

An MPPT solar charge controller stands for “Maximum Power Point Tracking”. It will measure the Vmp voltage of the panel, and down or up converts the PV voltage to the battery voltage. As it converts the DC voltage to high or low voltages, any panel can be connected for any battery voltage, but due to other limitations we give you a range limit for the ratio of panel and battery voltage.

Technical Specifications for Solar MPPT Charge Controller upto 48V:

Battery VDC 12V 24V 48V
Charger Rating A 20A 20A/40A 20A/40A/60A
Solar Voc Max 50V 90V 150V
Protections
DC Over Load Control Available
Optional Mains Sensing Relay Available
Battery Reverse Protection Fuse
Low Battery Load Disconnection
Lightening/Surge Protected upto 4KV Surge
Solar High Current Protection Available
Solar High Voltage Protection Available
Solar Reverse Blocking Diode is provided to Prevent reverse flow of current
LCD Display Solar A ; Solar V ; Battery V ; KWh

MPPT Charge Controller from 96V to 240V

An MPPT solar charge controller stands for “Maximum Power Point Tracking”. It will measure the Vmp voltage of the panel, and down or up converts the PV voltage to the battery voltage. As it converts the DC voltage to high or low voltages, any panel can be connected for any battery voltage, but due to other limitations we give you a range limit for the ratio of panel and battery voltage.

Technical Specifications for MPPT Charge Controller from 96V to 240V:

Battery VDC 96V 120V 240V
Charger Rating A 20A/40A/50A 20A/40A/60A 20A/40A/60A
Panel Pwer Max 5000W 7500W 15000W
Solar Voc Max 300V 450V
Protections
DC Over Load Control Available
Optional Mains Sensing Relay Available
Battery Reverse Protection Fuse
Low Battery Load Disconnection
Lightening/Surge Protected upto 4KV Surge
Solar High Current Protection Available
Solar High Voltage Protection Available
Solar Reverse Blocking Diode is provided to Prevent reverse flow of current
LCD Display Solar A ; Solar V ; Battery V ; KWh

The Key Features Of A Solar Charge Controller Are:

1. Multistage charging of battery bank - changes the amount of power set to the batteries based on its charge level, for healthier batteries.
2. Reverse current protection - stops the solar panels from draining the batteries at night when there is no power coming from the solar panels.
3. Low voltage disconnect - turns off the attached load when the battery is low and turns it back on when the battery is charged back up.
4. Lighting control - turns attached light on and off based on dusk and dawn. Many controllers are configurable, allowing settings for a few hours or all night, or somewhere in between.
5. Display- may show voltage of battery bank, state of charge, amps coming in from solar panel.

Difference Between PWM and MPPT Solar Chargers :

Sno PWM Charger MPPT Charger
1 Less efficient Highly efficient
2 Starts at 9 to 10am Starts at 7am
3 Generates 3 units per KW on an avg Generates 4 units per KW on an avg
4 Fixed panel configuration Versatile configuration capability
5 Fixed VoC Wide range of VoC configurations
6 Expensive overall solution Cheaper overall solution
Eg: 3KW PWM Inverter with panels to generate 12 units/day will cost around 22,000(Inverter)+80,000(Panels)=1,02,000 Eg: 3KW MPPT Inverter with panels to genrate 12 units/day will cost around 30,000(Inverter)+60,000(Panels)=90,000
7 Will not work properly when clouds are present Will partially work even though clouds are present
8 Cable cost from panels to inverter is high due to high current and also due to the choice of thicker wire As the VoC is high required wire size is small so the cost is less
9 Volatge boost is not possible Voltage boost is possible
Eg: 24V panel can be connected for 48v batt charging if the boost MPPT charger is connected

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